A total of 12 analyses were carried out on sludge palm oil (SPO) to determine the most suitable parameters for characterizing this oil. The parameters usually employed for characterizing palm oil are free fatty acid (FFA) content, slip melting point, moisture and impurity content, iodine value (IV) and colour. All these parameters were found to […]

Biofuels and biolubricants are renewable and biodegradable. These vegetable-based fuels and lubricants have been thoroughly studied in Europe, Asia and America for their fuel and lubrication properties. So far, the biofuels have been found suitable as a diesel substitute. However, engines running on biofuels show some drawbacks in creating performance criteria such as power output […]