Oil Palm Bulletin No. 50 (May 2005) p14-23

Oil palm growth and yield as affected by densities, progenies and N fertilizer on Bengawat soil: the preliminary results

AHMAD AFANDI Murdi , HAMDAN Abu Bakar , AHMAD TARMIZI Mohammed , AHMAD Kushairi, Dr , KHAIRUMAN Hashim

A split-split plot trial involving oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) at four population densities (140, 160, 180 and 200 palms ha -1 ), two palm progenies (PS1 and commercial DxP) and three levels of nitrogen (N0 – control, N1 -0.63 kg N palm -1 yr -1 , and N2 – 1.26 kg N palm -1yr -1), replicated thrice was initiated in May 2000 at MPOB Research Station, Lahad Datu, Sabah. Vegetative growth measurements were taken at 26 months after planting (MAP) and first year yield production recorded from December 2002 to November 2003. Soil was sampled and analysed for nutrient contents at the beginning of the trial. Frond 17 was sampled at 30 MAP and subsequently analysed for dry matter nutrient contents. At 26 MAP to 30 MAP, the growth parameters and dry matter nutrient contents were not significantly different, densities, progenies and nitrogen treatments did not affect PS1 performance. A similar observation was made on the first year yield. The fresh fruit bunch (FFB) yield for the various population densities ranged from 5.9 to 7.4 t ha -1yr -1. The FFB yield was only 10% higher for commercial DxP compared with PS1, however, it was not significantly different. In general, the preliminary results showed that density and nitrogen treatment did not affect PS1 performance (growth and yield) at 26 to 43 MAP.

Abstrak: Kajian melibatkan empat populasi kepadatan sawit (140, 160, 180 dan 200 pk ha -1), dua baka sawit (PS1 dan DxP komersial) dan tiga kadar nitrogen (N0 – kawalan, N1 – 0.63 kg N pk -1 thn -1 , dan N2 – 1.26 kg N pk -1thn -1). Kajian dilakukan dengan tiga replikasi telah dimulakan pada Mei 2000 di Stesen Penyelidikan MPOB Lahad Datu, Sabah. Pengukuran tampang direkod ketika sawit berumur 26 bulan selepas tanam (BST) dan data hasil pertama direkod di antara bulan Disember 2002 sehingga November 2003. Sampel tanah pra-rawatan diambil untuk tujuan analisis tahap kesuburan tanah manakala sampel daun pelepah nombor 17 diambil ketika umur sawit 30 BST bagi penentuan kandungan nutrient pokok. Keputusan menunjukkan kepadatan sawit, baka dan kadar nitrogen tidak memberi kesan ketara ke atas tumbesaran tampang, kandungan nutrien pokok dan hasil sawit baka PS1 berbanding DxP komersial. Keputusan yang sama diperoleh ke atas pengeluaran hasil sawit. Julat piawai buah tandan segar (BTS) sawit ialah di antara 5.9 hingga 7.4 t ha -1 thn -1 dengan perbezaan hasil BTS di antara PS1 dan DxP komersial hanya 10%, ia disimpulkan sebagai perbezaan yang tidak ketara. Secara umumnya, keputusan awal kajian ini menunjukkan bahawa kepadatan sawit dan kadar nitrogen tidak memberi kesan yang ketara terhadap prestasi baka PS1 berbanding DxP komersial.

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