The use of chemical insecticide, fipronil and two entomotahogenic fungi, Beauveria bassiana and Metarhizium major on termite control was evaluated. The experiment was conducted in high termite infested field with 10 year-old palm and young supply seedlings of six months after planting. Treatment on infested mature palm was conducted by spraying of product solution on the whole palm trunk and soil injection surrounding the palm bases. For young supply seedling, the palm was only treated by soil injection. For treatment with fipronil, all 8 treated palms were observed to be free from any termite activity at 3 and 6 months after treatment (MAT). However, at 9 MAT, one palm had collapsed due to severe damage in the inner trunk tissues caused by termite attack. For treatment with B. bassiana, out of 17 treated palms, no termite activity was found on 3 palms at 3 MAT, 5 palms at 6 MAT and 7 palms at 9 MAT. The number of palms which collapsed due to termite attack was only one palm, recorded at 3 MAT. For treatment with M. major, out of 10 treated palms, one palm was observed with no presence of termite activity at 3 MAT. While from 6 to 9 MAT, the number of palms with no termite infestation increased to 2 palms. Two palms treated with M. major collapsed due to severe damage of the inner trunk tissues caused by termite attack. For young supply seedlings, up to 9 MAT, only one palm treated with B. bassiana was infested by termite, while other palms were still healthy. Findings of this study showed that fipronil was the most effective, giving 100% control against termite infestation up to 9 MAT. The entomopathogenic fungus B. bassiana gave 41.18% control and M. major gave 20% control against termite infestation. All products were able to prevent infestation of termite on new supply seedling in high termite infestation areas up to 9 MAT. Possible factors that might have influenced the effectiveness of the two entomopathogenic fungi in controlling termite infestation were elaborated in detail. Further research is needed to develop biological products and delivery methods for effective control of termite on peat.

Penggunaan racun serangga kimia, fipronil dan dua kulat entomopatogenik, Beauveria bassiana dan Metarhizium major untuk kawalan anai-anai telah dikaji. Kajian telah dijalankan di kawasan pokok sawit matang berusia 10 tahun dan anak sawit sulam berumur 6 bulan selepas tanam. Rawatan pada pokok sawit matang dijalankan secara semburan larutan produk pada keseluruhan batang sawit dan suntikan tanah di sekitar pangkal pokok. Untuk anak sawit sulam, ia dirawat hanya dengan kaedah suntikan tanah. Hasil kajian mendapati rawatan fipronil berupaya mengawal kesemua 8 pokok sawit daripada serangan anaianai pada 3 dan 6 bulan selepas rawatan (BSR). Walau bagaimanapun, pada 9 BSR, satu pokok telah tumbang akibat kerosakan teruk tisu dalaman batang yang disebabkan oleh serangan anai-anai. Untuk rawatan B. bassiana, daripada 17 pokok sawit yang dirawat, tiada aktiviti anai-anai ditemui pada 3 pokok selepas 3 BSR, 5 pokok pada 6 BSR dan 7 pokok pada 9 BSR. Bilangan pokok sawit yang tumbang akibat serangan anai-anai hanya satu pokok, yang dicatatkan pada 3 BSR. Untuk rawatan kulat M. major, daripada 10 pokok sawit yang dirawat, hanya satu pokok diperhatikan tanpa aktiviti anai-anai pada 3 BSR. Manakala pada 6 BSR dan 9 BSR, bilangan pokok sawit tanpa anai-anai meningkat kepada 2 pokok. Dua sawit yang dirawat dengan M. major telah tumbang akibat kerosakan teruk tisu dalaman batang yang disebabkan oleh serangan anai-anai. Untuk anak sawit sulam, hanya satu pokok sawit yang dirawat dengan B. bassiana telah diserang oleh anaianai selepas 9 bulan rawatan. Hasil kajian ini menunjukkan bahawa fipronil merupakan rawatan yang paling berkesan, memberikan kawalan 100% terhadap serangan anai-anai sehingga 9 BSR. Kulat entomopatogenik B. bassiana memberikan kawalan 41.18% dan M. major memberikan kawalan 20% terhadap serangan anai-anai. Semua produk dapat mengawal serangan anai-anai pada anak sawit sulam sehingga 9 BSR. Faktor yang menyebabkan kedua-dua kulat entomopatogenik kurang berkesan untuk mengawal anai-anai juga dihuraikan dengan lebih lanjut. Kajian lanjut bagi membangunkan produk biologi serta kaedah penggunaan di ladang untuk anai-anai perlu dijalankan.