The potential means of biodiversity maintenance, conservation and enhancement in oil palm plantations
KHALID Haron , CHAN Kok WengOil palm is one of the world’s most rapidly expanding crops mainly planted in the equatorial belt. The two largest oil palm-producing countries – Indonesia and Malaysia – are located in Southeast Asia, a region with numerous endemic and forest-dwelling species. As such, the potential impact of oil palm expansion on tropical forests and biodiversity in the region is a major conservation concern. Sustainable production of oil palm through good agricultural practices is an ideal solution to mitigate adverse effects on the environment such as land-use change, soil deterioration and erosion, water pollution, to maintain ecosystem biodiversity, and to avoid global warming. In Malaysia, the palm oil industry is committed to sustainable development through the protection of the environment and conservation of biodiversity. As biodiversity plays an important role in ensuring ecosystem resilience, which equates with the sustainability of the industry, prime consideration is given to all aspects of plantation operations commencing from land-use change onwards. Potential management practices and salient strategies that contribute to the maintenance, conservation and enhancement of biological diversity in oil palm ecosystems are being adopted, and have become a policy in plantation companies.
ABSTRAK Sawit yang ditanam di kawasan khatulistiwa merupakan salah satu tanaman yang berkembang pesat di dunia. Indonesia dan Malaysia yang terletak di Asia Tenggara iaitu kawasan yang mempunyai pelbagai spesies endemik, flora dan fauna hutan adalah negara pengeluar sawit yang terbesar di dunia. Oleh itu, impak pembangunan kawasan sawit terhadap hutan tropika dan biodiversiti merupakan isu pemuliharaan yang sangat dititikberatkan. Pengeluaran sawit yang mapan melalui pertanian yang baik adalah kaedah yang baik untuk mengurangkan kesan negative terhadap alam sekitar seperti perubahan kegunaan tanah, kerosakan tanah dan hakisan, pencemaran air, dan penjagaan ekosistem biodiversiti bagi mengelakkan pemanasan global. Di Malaysia, industri sawit adalah komited dengan perkembangan mapan melalui perlindungan alam sekitar dan pemuliharaan biodiversiti. Biodiversiti memainkan peranan penting bagi memastikan ekosistem yang anjal, yang boleh disamakan dengan pertimbangan industri yang mapan dengan memberi semua aspek operasi lading bermula dari perubahan kegunaan tanah. Amalan pengurusan yang berpotensi meningkatkan kepelbagaian biologi dalam ekosistem sawit diguna pakai dan menjadi polisi syarikat perladangan.
Tags: OIL PALM ESTATES & PLANTATIONS, BIODIVERSITY, MPOB VIVA COMMITTEE MEETING, BIOLOGICAL DIVERSITY, ECOSYSTEMS, NATURE CONSERVATION, MPOB PUBLICATIONS
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