In oils and fats we can discern two main tra­ditions developing in the Western world. The first was based on animal husbandry, producing butter, beef fat and lard. Climatic conditions in the northern half of Europe did not enable oilseed crops to be grown, with the exception of rapeseed. However, until the 19th century the technology of refining rapeseed oil ( or colza oil) to an acceptable edible quality was lacking and its use was as a lamp oil.