Oil palm produces a large amount of lignocellulose biomass. The exploitation of this biomass is still traditional and low, i.e., for fibre production, organic fertilizer (for soil amelioration, structure and fertility improvement) and erosion prevention. Although these are environmentally friendly practices, there is little value addition, thereby prompting a need to increase the quantum of exploitation and the range of novel products to be made from oil palm lignocellulose biomass. The idea is to have balanced utilization, some for conversion into novel products and a substantial amount returned to the soil, to ensure environmental protection and efficient natural resource utilization